1.
The Diagnostic Value Of Tta Codon Substitution In Los Angeles Galactosemia
by Sahr Malik | Dr. Muhammad Imran | Dr. Muhammad | Miss. Sehrish Firyal.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2012Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1590,T] (1).
2.
Pcr (Polymerase Chain Reaction) Test Development And Its Application For The Diagnosis Of Congenital Leptin Deficiency
by Nida Fakhar | Dr. Muhammad Imran | Miss Faiza | Miss. Sehrish Firyal.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1383,T] (1).
3.
Identification Of Pesticide Residues In Different Vegetable Collected From Market Of Lahore, Pakistan.
by Anam Munawar | Dr. Muhammad Imran | Dr. Abu Saeed Hashmi | Dr. Muhammad.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Pesticides are the chemicals which are used to kill or repel the unwanted objects such as pests. Different types of pesticides are present which undergo a different mechanism and kill the pests. Four different types are being used in Pakistan such as organophosphate, organochlorine, pyrehtroid and carbamates. Use of organophosphate and organochlorine become less due the presence of residues. Use of pesticides is increased for a number of purposes such as to increase the rate of production, to decrease the damage of crops and to increase the saving time of different vegetables.
Vegetables are the main source of income of Pakistan, and vegetables are common in our use. Vegetables contain different nutritional elements of our diets. That's why vegetables play an important role in the nutritious diet of a person. The spray of different chemicals on vegetables not only decreases the nutritional elements but also increase the risk of different diseases.
As pesticides leave their residues in vegetables, different techniques can be used to detect the residues and their maximum residue limit, at which limit these pesticides are harmful for humans. Pesticides can also act on unintended individual such as human beings and cause different acute and chronic diseases.
Different vegetables were selected for analyses that are common in use and available in every season. Pesticides which were selected are that which are common in Pakistan and from different pesticide classes.
In present study vegetables of different areas of Lahore were collected and analyzed through HPTLC and GC/MS. HPTLC was used to analyze and calculate the concentration and GC/MS was used for the confirmation of results, and it was concluded that which vegetable contain the high concentration of pesticides. It was studied that which vegetable absorb large amount of pesticides. Potato, tomato, egg plant, okra and cucumber of different markets of Lahore contain high concentration of pesticides as compared to the other vegetables.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1510,T] (1).
4.
Diagnostic Value Of 4Bp- 5' Gtca Deletion In Duarte Galactosemia
by Sadia Zia | Dr. Muhammad Imran | Ms. Faiza | Ms. Sehrish Firyal.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
drama
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1602,T] (1).
5.
Leptin Mutations In Morbidly Obese And Severely Lean Individuals From Pakistan
by Muhammad Wasim | Dr. Sehrish Firyal | Dr. Muhammad | Dr. Muhammad Imran.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
drama
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1623,T] (1).
6.
Identification Of Polymorphism In Bone Morphogentic Protein Receptor Type-1B (Bmpr-1B) In Teddy Goats
by Sonia Noreen Anjum | Dr. Muhammad Imran | Dr. Abu Saeed | Ms. Sehrish Firyal.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Teddy goats provide a great scope for enhancing meat and milk production being the primary objective to compensate for increased demand in Pakistan. It is an established fact that an animal producing twins or triplet contributes more than 1.5 times toward meat than the animals producing single offspring per kidding. Hence, the identification of major fecundity genes, mutations of which are thought to elevate ovulation rate and litter size in goats as well as sheep breeds, has been the center of attention for all scientists. Four major fecundity genes expressed in goat ovary namely: GDF-9, BMP-15, ESR-? and BMPR-1B are the causative genes for high prolificacy.
Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-1B (BMPR-1B) gene first identified ingranulosa cells of ovary. A-G transition at 746 bp at the FecB gene locus causing an amino acid substitution namely Q249R increases the antral follicular maturation leading to the release of a large number of ovules hence increasing litter size in range from 1.4-2.7 kids/birth.
In this study, blood samples from 52 Teddy goats were collected having twining record and processed for DNA extraction. DNA fragments containing FecB gene were PCR-amplified from extracted DNA samples. The PCR amplicons containing Q249R substitution were subjected to RFLP so that the presence or absence of these polymorphisms could be analyzed.
On analysis with DdeI restriction enzyme, three types of allelic fragments namely: wild type, homozygous mutant and heterozygous mutant of FecB gene mutation in Pakistani Teddy goats were to be observed. Whereas,the results obtained for this study strongly suggests that the Q249R mutation of FecB marker in BMPR-1B gene was not present in Teddy goats and these goats were found to be non-carriers for this mutation having wild type alleles. However, this work did not claimed the absence of any other mutation in BMPR-1B. There may be the involvement of other fecundity genescausing the increased prolificacy of these goats causing twining and triplets namely: Growth differentation factor-9 (GDF-9) and bone morphogenetic protein-15 (BMP-15).
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1670,T] (1).
7.
Genetic Characterization Of Livestock Species Of Pakistan Through Dna Barcoding
by Madiha Booter | Dr.Ali Raza Awan | Dr. Abu saeed | Dr. Muhammad Imran.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: The interaction of livestock with ecosystem plays a vital role in sustainability of life. The demand of livestock products is rising day by day which is changing the relationship between livestock and natural resources. Livestock animals are playing a major role towards domestication and also contributing to fulfill human needs through meat and milk production for food industry, which generate big revenues. Pakistan is blessed with the world's best livestock species and there is a need to establish a well characterized system for the classification and identification of these important livestock species.
Mitochondrial DNA is of small size, constitutes a small fraction of the total of cell's genome and due to high rate of mutation, it is considered to be an ideal model to study evolutionary relationships. DNA barcoding is being used to characterize animals by using a standard region of mitochondrial DNA as a molecular marker. The study is designed to develop the DNA barcode for genetic characterization of livestock species of Pakistan which includes sheep, goat, cow, buffalo and camel.
Blood samples were collected from the selected livestock species. Primers were designed using primer designing free-ware software. The amplified PCR products weresequenced in both orientations by chain termination method. For data analysis,Chromas was used to read sequencing results. To study variation in all sequenced data, alignment tools were used from NCBI. Theblastnalignment tool available at NCBI is more reliable to give authentic results.The alignment results showed 100% homology with the reference sequences (No SNP or mutation was identified). The results can further be validated with the help of mass level sampling to rationalize the study at population level.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that COIDNA barcode region can be used to discriminate unknown samples of any of the species under consideration. The COIgene successfully cladded already reported sequences of the same species.
This study provided genetic data which help in species identification, to assess evolutionary pattern and genetic diversity. So, it will also be helpful to monitor legal or illegal trade of livestock species and to identify processed and unprocessed meat for quality assurance. Establishment of an elaborated DNA barcode system for livestock species will help to start taxonomic investigation and will lead towards to identify many new mammalian species of Pakistan.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1752,T] (1).
8.
Development Of The Test For The Diagnosis Of Classical Galactosemia In General Papulation
by Mehmmona Iqbal | Dr Muhammad Imran | Ms Faiza | Ms Sehrish Firyal | IBBT.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1856,T] (1).
9.
Molecular Chracterization Of Pakistani Gaucher Disease Type 2 Patients From Lahore
by Maliha Afreen | Dr Muhammad Imran | Ms Asma Waris | Ms Sayeda Kalsoom | IBBT.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
drama
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1857,T] (1).
10.
Molecular Diversity Of Fumaryl Acetoacetate Hydrolase Gene In Mammalian Species
by Sadaqat ijaz | Dr. Muhammad yasir zahoor | DR. Muhammad Imran.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: The present study has been planned to study the pathogenicity of FAdv-4 by inoculation of different age groups of broiler birds through different parenteral routes and oronasal routes. The liver homogenate suspension prepared from infected liver samples and cell culture propagated infectious agents were used to infect the susceptible broiler birds via parenteral routes and through oronasal routes. For this purpose two experiments were designed as Experiment I and II. In Experiment I the 25-day-old broiler birds were inoculated with different dilutions of liver homogenate and cell culture propagated HPS virus through intramuscular (i/m) and oral routes. Similarly in Experiment II the one-day-old, 1-week-old, 2-week-old, 3-week-old and 4-week-old broiler chickens were inoculated with the original dilution (100) of same liver homogenate and cell culture propagated HPS virus through S/C and oral route. The birds were kept under observation for recording morbidity and mortality. In Experiment I the liver homogenate caused 64% mortality in broiler birds of the Group A through intramuscular route, while 33.33% mortality in broiler birds of Group B through oral route. The cell culture propagated HPS virus caused 60% and 13.33% mortality in broiler birds of Group C and D through intramuscular and oral routes, respectively. In Experiment II none of the day-old-chick died from Group A inoculated with liver homogenate and cell culture propagated HPS virus through s/c and oral route. The liver homogenate and cell culture propagated HPS virus caused high mortality in different age groups of broiler birds through s/c route than oral route. The blood samples were collected from the broiler birds before and after infection and various hematological parameters such as Hemoglobin and packed cell volumes were studied. The values of hemoglobin and packed cell volume showed highly significant (P<0.05) reduction indicating anaemia. The values of hemoglobin and packed cell volume of the broiler birds inoculated with infectious liver homogenate showed highly significant reduction than the birds inoculated with cell culture propagated HPS virus. The results indicated that the liver homogenate is more pathogenic than cell culture propagated HPS virus. There changes may be due to adoptability of the original FAdVs after continued passages in the culture of chicken embryo liver cells.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0946,T] (1).
11.
Genetic Characterization Of Pakistani Flayer Pigeons Using Mitochondrtial Nd2. And 16S Rrna Genes As Genetic
by Ahmad Ali | Dr. Sehish firyal | DR. Muhammad imran.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1970,T] (1).
12.
Molecular Analysis Of Mitochondrial Hypervariable Region In Three Consecutive Generations Of Buffalo
by Zara zaheer | Dr. Muhammad Yasir zahoor | Dr. MUhammad Imran | MR. Tariq.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2003,T] (1).
13.
In-Silico Functional Prediction Analysis Of Prion Protein Polymorphisms In Sheep Scrapie
by Mubashar ahmad | Dr. Muhammad imran | Dr. Muhammad | Dr. Wasim shehzad.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2012,T] (1).
14.
In Silico Functional Prediction Of Prion Protein Polymorphisms In Chronic Qasting Disease
by Iqra khizar | DR. Muhammad imran | Dr. Muhammad | Dr. Muhammad yasir zahoor.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2024,T] (1).
15.
Analysis Of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor P16 Polymorphism In Canin Tumors
by Hafiz muhammad farooq yaqub | Dr. Muhammad wasim | Dr. muhammad imran | Ms. Faiza.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2047,T] (1).
16.
DNA Based Characterization Of Arginase Gene From Geobacillus Sp. SBS-4s
by Raabia Bibi (2012-VA-537) | Dr. Muhammad Tayyab | Dr. Abu Saeed Hashmi | Dr. Muhammad Imran.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Geobacillus is a group gram-positive, rod-shaped, aerobic, endospore-forming and obligate thermophilic bacteria, isolated from the diverse habitats, hot springs, thermal environments, terrestrial soils, deep sea sediments (Zeigler, 2014), petroleum and soil of desserts (Claus and Berkeley 1986). It grows at a wide range of temperature from 45 to 75°C and pH ranging from 6.2 to 7.8 (Nazina et al. 2001). These bacteria survives at higher temperature where most of other living species fail to survive (Claus and Berkeley 1986). Geobacillus have achieved a significant population with a worldwide distribution, probably in large part due to adaptive features of their spores (Zeigler, 2014). These can be found singly or in short chains and motile by means of peritrichous flagella and is capable of secreting a wide variety of extracellular and intracellular enzymes i.e amylase, lipase, carboxypeptidase, cellulase, xylanase, protease and galactosidase (Fogarth et al. 1974; Obeidat et al. 2012).
Geobacillus sp. SBS-4S was isolated from hot spring located in Gilgit, Northern areas of Pakistan. It was found to be an aerobic, gram-positive and rod-shaped bacteria having ability to hydrolyze a variety of sugars, carboxylic acids and hydrocarbons at elevated temperatures from 45 to 75°C. SBS-4S was found to be involved in the production of various intra and extra cellular enzymes (Tayyab et al. 2011).
Arginase is the enzyme responsible for the degradation of arginine resulting in the production of urea and ornithine (Kaur et al. 2009). It is accomplished by the cleaving of the guanidinium group from arginine which yields urea (Turras et al. 2008). Arginase present in many mammals (Homo sapiens), Bacilli (cyanobacteria), protozoa (Entamoeba histolytica), yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), fungi (Neurospora crassa) and plants (Lathyrus sativus) etc (Kaur et al. 2009). The crystal structure of arginases have been determined by X ray crystallographic studies. This is a manganese dependent enzyme. The enzyme shows its activity through the metal ion. Metal ion is actively responsible for the incorporation of water molecules essential for the activity of the enzyme. A second proposed mechanism, based on electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies postulates direct coordination of the substrate to manganese and disruption of the aqua bridge. Arginases are homo-oligomers, with a typical subunit mass of 32 to 36 kDa (Bewley et al. 1999).
There are two types of arginases, arginase-I and arginase-II, located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria, respectively. The principal ureagenic enzyme activity arginase-I is most abundant in normal mammalian liver and acts in coordination with the other enzymes of the urea cycle to sequester and eliminate excess nitrogen from the body. The second form arginase-II can be found in many organs, with the highest levels found in kidney and prostate where as lower levels in macrophages and lactating mammary glands (Iyer et al. 2002).
Important role of arginase in controlling the cellular levels of arginine and ornithine, which are required for various critical metabolic processes, including protein synthesis and the production of creatine, polyamines, proline and nitric oxide (NO). Type II arginase is found in a variety of different tissues and have a key role in the regulation of urea cycle arginine metabolism by regulating levels of arginine in the cell (Bewley et al. 1999). The enzyme arginase plays key role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary disorders such as asthma through dysregulation of L-arginine metabolism and modulation of nitric oxide (NO) homeostasis and it also play role in the development of chronic airway remodeling through formation of ornithine with downstream production of polyamines and L-proline, which are involved in processes of cellular proliferation and collagen deposition (Benson et al. 2011). Arginase involved in tissue repair processes by the synthesis of L-ornithine, which is the precursor of polyamines and proline that are involved in cell proliferation and collagen synthesis (Maarsingh et al. 2009).
Genetically engineered arginase as fusion protein with prolonged half-life and increased efficacy are used to treat different tumor lines that inhibit cell proliferation and impaired cellular migration in vitro and in vivo (Li et al. 2013). This is a arginine-degrading and ornithine producing enzyme and is used to treat arginine-dependent cancers (Yu et al. 2013). Chemically modified arginase-II has been employed for the treatment of taper liver tumor and L5178Y murine leukemia (Kaur et al. 2009). The enzyme was cloned and expressed in E. coli and subsequently conjugated to polyethylene glycol to increase the circulating half-life and decrease the immunogenicity of the recombinant mycoplasma enzyme. The human hepatocellular carcinoma, melanoma cell lines and tissue samples do not express argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS), making them auxotrophic for arginine and thus reasonable candidates for arginine deprivation (Yang et al. 2010).
Arginase is induced in murine myeloid cells mainly by T-helper 2 cells cytokines and inflammatory agents and participates in a variety of inflammatory diseases by down-regulation of nitric oxide synthesis, induction of fibrosis and tissue regeneration. In humans, arginase I is constitutively expressed in polymorphonuclear neutrophils and is liberated during inflammation. Myeloid cell arginase-mediated L-arginine depletion profoundly suppresses T cell immune responses and this is a fundamental mechanism of inflammation-associated immunosuppression. Pharmacological interference with L-arginine metabolism is a novel promising strategy in the treatment of cancer, autoimmunity or unwanted immune deviation (Munder, 2009).
Arginase has very important role in nitrogen fixation and fruit ripening (Yu et al. 2013). Putrescine (1,4-butanediamine) is the product obtained from arginine with the highest market value and it is used as an intermediate in a large number of industries, including the pharmaceutical industry, agrochemical industry and textile industry (Turras et al. 2008).
Arginine is a semi-essential amino acid and is the precursor for the formation of nitric oxide (NO) by nitric oxide synthases (Getz and Reardon, 2006). One of the major functions of arginine within the body is as an intermediate in the urea cycle. In the cytosol of hepatocytes, arginase-I removes the guanidine group from arginine to produce urea and ornithine. Urea is then transported from the hepatocyte into the bloodstream and ornithine is used to regenerate arginine within the hepatocyte. Arginine deficiency causes several disorder like, hyper cholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, kidney failure, hyper homo-cysteinemia, smoking, and aging (Alvares et al. 2012). Arginine is used to modulate the cellular immune response during infection. The generation of nitric oxide from arginine is responsible for efficient immune response (Das et al. 2010).
Arginine is synthesised in humans and other mammals from citrulline in two steps through the urea cycle enzymes, argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS) and argininosuccinate lyase (ASL). ASS catalyses the conversion of citrulline and aspartic acid to argininosuccinate, which is then converted to arginine and fumaric acid by ASL (Yang et al. 2010).
Ararinase play important role in conversion of arginine to 1,4–butanediamine (a building block for nylon-4,6), through two main transformations: the hydrolysis of arginine to ornithine and urea; and the decarboxylation of ornithine to 1,4–butanediamine and carbon dioxide. Both steps can be catalyzed chemically or enzymatically (Turras et al. 2008).
The present study deals with the characterization of arginase gene.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2244-T] (1).
